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Advanced Data Wrangling
- Downloading and Importing Data
- Overview of Tidy Data
- Tidy Data Rule #1: Every Column is a Variable
- Tidy Data Rule #3: Every Cell is a Single Value
- Tidy Data Rule #2: Every Row is an Observation
- Changing Variable Types
- Dealing with Missing Data
- Advanced Summarizing
- Binding Data Frames
- Functions
- Data Merging
- Exporting Data
- Bring It All Together (Advanced Data Wrangling)
-
Advanced Data Visualization
- Best Practices in Data Visualization
- Tidy Data
- Pipe Data into ggplot
- Reorder Plots to Highlight Findings
- Line Charts
- Use Color to Highlight Findings
- Declutter
- Add Descriptive Labels to Your Plots
- Use Titles to Highlight Findings
- Use Annotations to Explain
- Tweak Spacing
- Create a Custom Theme
- Customize Your Fonts
- Try New Plot Types
- Bring it All Together (Advanced Data Visualization)
-
Quarto
- Advanced Markdown
- Advanced YAML and Code Chunk Options
- Tables
- Inline R Code
- Making Your Reports Shine: Word Edition
- Making Your Reports Shine: PDF Edition
- Making Your Reports Shine: HTML Edition
- Presentations
- Dashboards
- Websites
- Publishing Your Work
- Quarto Extensions
- Parameterized Reporting, Part 1
- Parameterized Reporting, Part 2
- Parameterized Reporting, Part 3
- Wrapping up Going Deeper with R
Going Deeper with R
Tidy Data Rule #3: Every Cell is a Single Value
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This lesson is called Tidy Data Rule #3: Every Cell is a Single Value, part of the Going Deeper with R course. This lesson is called Tidy Data Rule #3: Every Cell is a Single Value, part of the Going Deeper with R course.
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# Load Packages -----------------------------------------------------------
library(tidyverse)
library(janitor)
library(readxl)
library(fs)
# Create Directory --------------------------------------------------------
dir_create("data-raw")
# Download Data -----------------------------------------------------------
# download.file(url = "https://www.oregon.gov/ode/educator-resources/assessment/Documents/TestResults2122/pagr_schools_math_tot_raceethnicity_2122.xlsx",
# mode = "wb",
# destfile = "data-raw/pagr_schools_math_tot_raceethnicity_2122.xlsx")
#
# download.file("https://www.oregon.gov/ode/educator-resources/assessment/Documents/TestResults2122/TestResults2019/pagr_schools_math_tot_raceethnicity_1819.xlsx",
# mode = "wb",
# destfile = "data-raw/pagr_schools_math_tot_raceethnicity_1819.xlsx")
#
# download.file("https://www.oregon.gov/ode/educator-resources/assessment/TestResults2018/pagr_schools_math_raceethnicity_1718.xlsx",
# mode = "wb",
# destfile = "data-raw/pagr_schools_math_raceethnicity_1718.xlsx")
#
# download.file("https://www.oregon.gov/ode/educator-resources/assessment/TestResults2017/pagr_schools_math_raceethnicity_1617.xlsx",
# mode = "wb",
# destfile = "data-raw/pagr_schools_math_raceethnicity_1617.xlsx")
#
# download.file("https://www.oregon.gov/ode/educator-resources/assessment/TestResults2016/pagr_schools_math_raceethnicity_1516.xlsx",
# mode = "wb",
# destfile = "data-raw/pagr_schools_math_raceethnicity_1516.xlsx")
# Import Data -------------------------------------------------------------
math_scores_2021_2022 <-
read_excel("data-raw/pagr_schools_math_tot_raceethnicity_2122.xlsx") |>
clean_names()
third_grade_math_proficiency_2021_2022 <-
math_scores_2021_2022 |>
filter(student_group == "Total Population (All Students)") |>
filter(grade_level == "Grade 3") |>
select(academic_year, school_id, contains("number_level_")) |>
pivot_longer(cols = contains("number_level_"),
names_to = "proficiency_level",
values_to = "number_of_students")
third_grade_math_proficiency_2021_2022 |>
mutate(proficiency_level = str_remove(proficiency_level,
pattern = "number_level_"))
third_grade_math_proficiency_2021_2022 |>
mutate(proficiency_level = recode(proficiency_level,
"number_level_4" = "4",
"number_level_3" = "3",
"number_level_2" = "2",
"number_level_1" = "1"))
third_grade_math_proficiency_2021_2022 |>
mutate(proficiency_level = if_else(proficiency_level == "number_level_4",
true = "4",
false = proficiency_level)) |>
mutate(proficiency_level = if_else(proficiency_level == "number_level_3",
true = "3",
false = proficiency_level)) |>
mutate(proficiency_level = if_else(proficiency_level == "number_level_2",
true = "2",
false = proficiency_level)) |>
mutate(proficiency_level = if_else(proficiency_level == "number_level_1",
true = "1",
false = proficiency_level))
third_grade_math_proficiency_2021_2022 |>
mutate(proficiency_level = case_when(
proficiency_level == "number_level_4" ~ "4",
proficiency_level == "number_level_3" ~ "3",
proficiency_level == "number_level_2" ~ "2",
proficiency_level == "number_level_1" ~ "1"
))
third_grade_math_proficiency_2021_2022 |>
mutate(proficiency_level = parse_number(proficiency_level))
Your Turn
Remove the “x2022_23_” portion of the
race_ethnicity
variable usingstr_remove()
.Convert all instances of the
race_ethnicity
variable to more meaningful observations (e.g. turn “american_indian_alaska_native” into “American Indian/Alaska Native”) usingrecode()
,if_else()
, orcase_when()
.
Use the following starter code to help you if necessary.
# Load Packages -----------------------------------------------------------
library(tidyverse)
library(fs)
library(readxl)
library(janitor)
# Create Directories ------------------------------------------------------
dir_create("data-raw")
# Download Data -----------------------------------------------------------
# https://www.oregon.gov/ode/reports-and-data/students/Pages/Student-Enrollment-Reports.aspx
# download.file("https://www.oregon.gov/ode/reports-and-data/students/Documents/fallmembershipreport_20222023.xlsx",
# mode = "wb",
# destfile = "data-raw/fallmembershipreport_20222023.xlsx")
#
# download.file("https://www.oregon.gov/ode/reports-and-data/students/Documents/fallmembershipreport_20212022.xlsx",
# mode = "wb",
# destfile = "data-raw/fallmembershipreport_20212022.xlsx")
#
# download.file("https://www.oregon.gov/ode/reports-and-data/students/Documents/fallmembershipreport_20202021.xlsx",
# mode = "wb",
# destfile = "data-raw/fallmembershipreport_20202021.xlsx")
#
# download.file("https://www.oregon.gov/ode/reports-and-data/students/Documents/fallmembershipreport_20192020.xlsx",
# mode = "wb",
# destfile = "data-raw/fallmembershipreport_20192020.xlsx")
#
# download.file("https://www.oregon.gov/ode/reports-and-data/students/Documents/fallmembershipreport_20182019.xlsx",
# mode = "wb",
# destfile = "data-raw/fallmembershipreport_20182019.xlsx")
# Import Data -------------------------------------------------------------
enrollment_2022_2023 <- read_excel(path = "data-raw/fallmembershipreport_20222023.xlsx",
sheet = "School 2022-23") |>
clean_names()
# Tidy and Clean Data -----------------------------------------------------
enrollment_by_race_ethnicity_2022_2023 <-
enrollment_2022_2023 |>
select(district_institution_id, x2022_23_american_indian_alaska_native:x2022_23_percent_multi_racial) |>
select(-contains("percent")) |>
pivot_longer(cols = -district_institution_id,
names_to = "race_ethnicity",
values_to = "number_of_students")
Learn More
Bob Rudis has a semi-complex article on how he uses case_when()
to work with data related to his work on internet security.
You might also find this video by Sharon Machlis on case_when()
helpful.
And, in case you think I’m the only one who loves case_when()
check out this love letter to the function by Matt Kerlogue.
You need to be signed-in to comment on this post. Login.
Joseph Lehman
April 23, 2024
We may get to this in the future or already covered it, but is there a way to drop characters either at the beginning or end of a cell? I am thinking something like the "RIGHT" and "LEFT" functions in Excel.
David Keyes Founder
April 24, 2024
Yup, check out this quick video! Code I used in it is below:
Hope this helps!